Biomass-derived - biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms which is used as starting material in chemical synthesis

Derivatives - a more complicated compound that is derived from a similar compound by some chemical or physical process

Distillation - the process of  a process of separating the component substances by heating the liquid (mixture) in a vessel , component with lower boiling point vaporized and condensed into liquids&l

Fractional distillation - a separation method to separate a mixture of miscible liquids (providing that the boiling points of the liquids are not too close)

Fractionating column - an apparatus used in distillation of liquid mixtures  based on the differences in volatilities i.e it is used to separate the mixture into its fractions

Liquid-liquid extraction - an extraction method in which an organic solvent immiscible with water is first added to the aqueous solution containing the product, then the liquid mixture is shaken in a separati

Overall yield - the product of percentage yield for every step in total chemical synthesis

Re-crystallization - a method used to purify crude solid products

Separating funnel - a laboratory glassware used in liquid-liquid extractions to separate the components of a mixture into two immiscible phases of different densities, for example organic and aqueous solvent&

Target molecule - the required compound that we want to synthesize from a (series of) chemial reaction(s)

Teat pipette - a laboratory glassware used for transfering solvent / solution