Chemistry Glossary

Calorimeter

Calorimeter - a device used for measuring the heat transferred during a reaction

Calorimetry

Calorimetry - the process of measuring enthalpy changes of chemical reactions or physical changes

Endothermic reaction

Endothermic reaction - chemical reactions which absorb heat

Enthalpy change

Enthalpy change - the heat released or taken in during any change in a system, provided that the system is kept at constant pressure

Enthalpy level diagram

Enthalpy level diagram - a graphical representation of the enthalpy changes of processes involved in a reaction; relative enthalpy levels of different substances involved can be shown and thus their relative

Exothermic reaction

Exothermic reaction - chemical reactions which release heat

Flame calorimeter

Flame calorimeter - a piece of more effective apparatus used for measuring the heat transferred during a reaction

Heat capacity

Heat capacity - the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 K (or 1 °C)

Internal energy

Internal energy - the total energy contained by a system which has two components: kinetic energy and potential energy

Joule

Joule - the unit of energy

Law of conservation of energy

Law of conservation of energy - Law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be converted from one form to another

Specific heat capacity

Specific heat capacity - the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 K (or 1 °C)

Standard enthalpy change of combustion

Standard enthalpy change of combustion - the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is completely burnt in oxygen under standard conditions

Standard enthalpy change of formation

Standard enthalpy change of formation - the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from its elements in their standard states

Standard enthalpy change of neutralization

Standard enthalpy change of neutralization - the enthalpy change when an acid reacts with an alkali to form one mole of water under standard conditions

Standard enthalpy change of reaction

Standard enthalpy change of reaction - the enthalpy change when molar quantities of reactants as stated in the
specified equation react together under standard conditions

Standard enthalpy change of solution

Standard enthalpy change of solution - the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance dissolves in an infinite volume of solvent (or enough solvent so that further dilution has no additional effect) under s

Surroundings

Surroundings - everything outside the system

System

System - the point of the universe, enclosed within defined boundaries, on which we focus our study

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