Unit 3 The ocean

Anti-bumping granule

Anti-bumping granule - small, irregularly shaped stones added to liquids to make them boil more evenly

Chloride

Chloride - a compound made up of chlorine

Cobalt(II) chloride paper

Cobalt(II) chloride paper - cobalt(II) chloride paper can be used to test for the presence of water in a sample; water turns blue cobalt(II) chloride paper pink

Concentrated solution

Concentrated solution - contains a large amount of solute in a given volume of solution

Concentration

Concentration - the mass of a solute dissolved in a certain volume of solution

Condenser

Condenser - a piece of apparatus which cools the vapour into a liquid

Crystal

Crystal - a solid which has a regular atomic structure

Crystallization

Crystallization - the process of forming crystals

Decantation

Decantation - the process of gently pouring off the liquid from a liquid-solid mixture

Dilute solution

Dilute solution - contains a small amount of solute in a given volume of solution

Dissolve

Dissolve - the process of becoming a liquid from a solid

Distillate

Distillate - a purified liquid obtained by distillation

Distillation

Distillation - the process of evaporating a liquid and subsequently condensing the vapour

Electrolysis

Electrolysis - a process to break down a compound into simpler substances by passing an electric current through a solution

Evaporation

Evaporation - the process which a substance changes from a liquid to a vapour at a temperature below its boiling point

Filtrate

Filtrate - the substances that pass through the filter paper during filtration

Filtration

Filtration - the process of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid with the aid of a filter paper

Flame test

Flame test - a procedure used to detect the presence of certain metallic element in a compound

Insoluble

Insoluble - describes substances that cannot be dissolved in a solvent

Negative electrode

Negative electrode - the electrode in a set-up for electrolysis that connects to the negative terminal of the d.c. supply

Positive electrode

Positive electrode - the electrode in a set-up for electrolysis that connects to the positive terminal of the d.c. supply

Precipitate

Precipitate - a solid substance which is produced from a liquid during a chemical process

Residue

Residue - the substances that remain on the filter paper during filtration

Saturated solution

Saturated solution - a solution that has dissolved the most solute it can at a given temperature

Soluble

Soluble - describes substances that can be dissolved in a solvent

Solute

Solute - the substance that dissolves 

Solution

Solution - when one substance dissolves in another, a solution forms

Solvent

Solvent - the substance that does the dissolving

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